Krishnan KN

Cross Border Payments in India

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What are cross-border payments? Payments or transactions done across borders are part and parcel of international trade. So, playing the role of medium between the vendor and customer, cross-border payment is one of the crucial entities that enables cross-border trade. Any export or import is dependent on cross-border payment, and its growth is crucially dependent on smooth and seamless transactions. Why are cross-border payments significant? The significance of cross-border payments is proportional to the significance of cross-border trade. The size of cross-border payments is significant, with export merchandise alone contributing to about 15% of the total GDP. This alone is enough to look into the cross-border payment facilities that we are enabling our traders with to boost our country’s economic growth. India is looking at becoming a $5 trillion economy, and one of the major contributors can be cross-border trade. However, the fact on the ground is that of the 17 states that share their borders with other countries, only nine of them can actively engage in safe trade. Digital India has thrown the doors to cross-border trade wide open to not just the conglomerates but also MSME in India. Talking of MSME contribution, Livemint.com reports that “In FY 2022–23, MSME products accounted for 43.6% of India’s exports.” What are the major challenges to cross-border payments in India? Charges: With different countries come different rules and different financial charges. Many of the charges are informed only at the time of transactions, which either the vendor has to absorb or charge to the customer, irritating them in the least. Cumbersome process: With most local banks dealing with only a few currency options, time is taken for the standard international payouts, and both time and transparency are lost. SWIFT and international wire transfers come with their own set of challenges with regards to cost and time. Risk of fraud: Digitalization has thrown the door open to not just traders but also to cyber criminals. Cybersecurity has been constant and updated with the ability to come up with new solutions for the threats emerging daily. And yet be cost-effective. Compliance changes: Different borders dictate different laws at different points in time. The law of the land is often tweaked to combat raising threats or cementing the loopholes of existing laws. Currency volatility: With VUCA, is it a surprise that every country has a relatively fluid economy when compared to the currency woes that have been an age-old story? Only the present digitization has removed the buffer that the lag of communication offered earlier. How do we provide a solution to one of the pillars of our economy? Fintech India needs its fintech industry to find a one-stop solution for not just an easy and transparent transaction but also a safe one. A solution that authenticates easily but with foolproof scrutiny. Though many start-ups are working on solving individual issues discussed, most of them are working on their expertise, which is limited to one area.  The need of the hour is an aggregator who would collect all this expertise on one platform and provide a holistic solution. The future looks bright with a possible blend or amalgamation of both seamless and secure transactions across borders.

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How to prevent identity theft?

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With unprecedented growth in online transactions, it is no surprise that online fraud has increased. One of the major malpractices is identity theft. In a country like India which is striding towards the number one position in online shopping, the rise in this kind of fraud cannot be overlooked. Accessing and retrieving personal information is a child’s play in an increasingly digitized country like India. With social media and the deep web or darknet getting more and more accessible to a larger population, the prevalence of identity theft is getting increasingly difficult to control. Who can be the victims of Identity Theft? Have you used your Credit or Debit card to shop online/POS? Have you paid the utility bills using your Card? Have you used UPI or other payment methods? In short, anyone who has used plastic money is in danger of identity theft. Everyone who has shopped online or used any payment portal using their payment credentials is at risk of falling prey to synthetic identity theft. It is, in essence, stealing your identity i.e., impersonating you digitally, and riding on your credibility and creditworthiness. It is done by gathering data that confirms the identity like phone number, Aadhar card number, or PAN card number along with Bank Account number and utilizing this data to impersonate and transact digitally. With widespread social media and the data captured by almost all websites, it is nearly impossible to stay completely private. The Conditions favouring Identity theft In a densely populated country like India, identity theft is spreading like a disease more due to Cyber security laws are in place but reporting and actual implementation of those laws is not easy in a developing country like ours. It is getting easier to lay hands on social security details like Pan and Aadhar Data breach is increasingly difficult to prevent crime by identifying the perpetrators and isolating them. Also, the timeline that the entire fintech industry works, is very limited i.e., the journey of the card to merchant to verification or access control and back to the transaction approval takes just thirty seconds on average. This renders a very small window to our lenders but an easier getaway to the fraudsters. It, therefore, makes more sense to fortify defences at our end through our payment gateways. Usage of multi-layered security makes it a herculean task to track perpetrators while they on other hand enjoy accessibility from any corner which has internet. The Impact It is an indisputable fact that digitization of the financial transactions in India has accelerated beyond what the experts forecasted. Part of it was contributed by the covid waves and the awareness of “cashless transactions and contactless delivery”. It can however not be denied that as the younger population of the country is swelling, we find a major part of the population turning net-savvy and preferring mobile transactions. They demand seamless experience and connectivity through IoT. This has not only provided traction to digitization but has also enhanced the effectiveness of creating an antifraud and secure transactional environment to retain the credibility of the digitized transactions. Role of FRM like Trident in Detection of fraud The simple logic that Wibmo uses is that the more you know your customer, the more difficult it becomes for the fraudsters to impersonate you. E.g., while a person might impersonate another with a banker, it is almost impossible to impersonate him with his family. The difference lies in the fact that the family knows the person in question too well. This is the exact logic we use at Wibmo through our TRIDENT. In essence, the more you use our services, the more difficult it becomes for fraudsters to steal your identity. Collecting various data points through ML or machine learning offers the most effective defence against identity theft. Based on the past patterns, the current transaction can be evaluated and analysed in a fraction of seconds, and thus the fraud detection and prevention can occur without increasing the transaction time. The continuous learning by the machine will only improve as the data points collected are only going to get the virtual persona of the customer more precise. The long-term utility and credibility that such a system can give to the issuer and acquirer are worth every penny spent and every effort taken. Role of end-users in the detection of the fraud There are few steps that you can take to reduce the risk as an end-user. 1. Take time to check the authenticity of the sites where you are planning to use the card. Do not simply click on the links sent over SMS or WhatsApp or mails offering you cashback or discount vouchers 2. Download the apps from a trusted origin and use that for repeat purchase rather than using links that might have been sent to you. 3. Never share the OTP, UPI pin, and other bank details. However, at times this has been reiterated it is surprising how even the educated crowd is taken in. Do not hesitate to change them in case you even suspect them having been compromised. No one can deny that Identity theft is a very real threat but reducing our transactions fearing this is akin to not using roads fearing accidents. Neither is it fair to throw the onus of this onto the end-users or customers. The only sustainable and robust solution lies in fortifying our defences at the PG level. Author: Krishnan KN, Advisor in Wibmo’s Agile PMO Wibmo A PayU/Naspers FinTech Company Fraud, Fraud Detection, Fraud Prevention, Identity Management, Identity Theft

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Move to Pre-paid Cards for Simplifying your Corporate Expense Management

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Tracking Corporate Expenses made easy Corporate expenses range from individual employee benefits to infrastructural allocation to individual units. Everyone has heard the terms reimbursement, employee benefits claims, and other expenses albeit through the prism depicting a myriad of reactions — most of them unsavory to put it mildly. While the corporate executives find the long process of filing expense reports and submitting the invoices tiresome and at times bordering on lack of trust, the accounts find themselves in an unenviable position of questioning, auditing, and reconciling them with the Company Budget. And when auditors do come out with systems to reduce frauds, Department heads are regularly at loggerheads with accounts over the paperwork. The sum total is interdepartmental bad blood and a constant state of tug of war that can adversely affect both the operations and the accounts. Prepaid Cards for Corporate expenses are a boon to both employers and employees. Prepaid cards are one of the best tools to manage corporate expenses. It is no secret that as the company grows so do the expenses, especially the travel and other petty expenses which form a substantial percentage of the overall budget. The bottleneck in tracking is that the disbursement is through individual employees whose numbers might run in hundreds and at times in thousands. This is where maintaining a balance between fraudulent or mistaken charges versus operationally profitable charges becomes a challenge. The prepaid card enables control over the employee spending through a limit set over time and the amount. This also reduces the massive burden of claims or reimbursements. With reduced dependency on actual cash transactions, policy adherence and automated tracking enable the auditors to access a lot of information without depending on the employees for details saving both time and faceoffs. Pointers to get the most of Prepaid Cards to manage corporate expenses. Ideally, the Prepaid cards could be a major relief, but in practice, it is possible only if certain standards are maintained in the implementation and usage of this facility. Selecting a Vendor who would equip and facilitate these services, is crucial to the successful issuance of the Prepaid cards to the employees or other stakeholders of the company. The prepaid card program must be customized as much as their budget would allow. It should strictly adhere to the company policy with separate options for both open and closed-loop programs. The cards should be configured according to the needs, specific to the company for example some might need it to be used in ATMs while others might want it to work within just the cafeteria and sister concerns of the company. Some could select merchants or categories for a certain department or particular grades. E.g., sales teams should have options to use it on online travel sites or enable multiple currencies for certain grades. Wibmo’s Prepaid solution meets all these requirements and more. Covering the whole range of corporate expenses from payroll to daily expenses and travel expenses they are easy to use and have reloading wallets backed with 24-hour customer support. With every advancement comes its own set of risks and unethical practices. The good news is that the market has vendors who can provide services and fortify them against fraud. Two-factor authentication is always recommended for such cards with EMV chips for added security. Market Proven tools like TRIDENT-FRM can be used to disable fraudulent attempts. Additional security and control can be attained through vendors who provide Host Complete back-office card operations. In short, the prepaid cards can empower the companies to control the corporate expenses thereby bring them down without much sweating whilst the employees, now more aware of the limits, need not spend their productive hours filling out expense reports and more importantly feel more trusted with their dignity intact. Author: Krishnan KN, Advisor in Wibmo’s Agile PMO Wibmo A PayU/Naspers FinTech Company Expense management, Payment Security, Prepaid Card, Reimbursement

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